José Luis Borreguero. Abogado.
El Gobierno culminó el pasado viernes 26 de abril, con tres años de retraso, la trasposición de la directiva europea sobre préstamos hipotecarios al ordenamiento jurídico español. Se han aprobado un decreto y una orden ministerial, que complementan a la Ley de Crédito Inmobiliario que se aprobó el Congreso en febrero y que entrará en vigor el próximo 16 de junio.
Las nuevas normas establecen que las entidades deberán entregar a los clientes una ficha estándar con informaciones precontractuales y advertencias relativas al préstamo que quieran contratar, a los que de esta manera resultará más fácil comparar un préstamo con otro. También se obliga a prestamistas e intermediarios a seguir las mismas normas que los bancos para publicitar hipotecas. También establece una serie de requisitos mínimos que deben cumplir el personal y los directivos de prestamistas inmobiliarios e intermediarios para acreditar conocimientos y competencia.
Con esta nueva regulación se pretende establecer un marco de actuación claro y reforzar la protección de los clientes, especialmente de los colectivos vulnerables, a través de medidas concretas como la mejora de la información e incremento de la transparencia.
La norma aprobada el pasado febrero introducía cambios como la prohibición de las cláusulas suelo, la reducción de los intereses de demora, la extensión del código de buenas prácticas o nuevas alternativas para proceder a los desahucios. Asimismo, la ley establece un plazo de 10 días en los que el prestatario pueda revisar toda la información antes de firmar la hipoteca, e incluso plantear sus dudas al notario, que deberá garantizar que el cliente entiende todos los términos del contrato. Ello, supondrá además, que el notario disponga también de la documentación del préstamo, con antelación suficiente, en este sentido, la ley regula aspectos técnicos, para disponer de medios telemáticos que las entidades deberán usar para remitir esos documentos a los Notarios.
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