Marián Lora Márquez. Derecho Extranjería.
El Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE) se ha pronunciado sobre ello debido a la presentación de una cuestión prejudicial por parte de dos Juzgados de lo Contencioso Administrativo de Barcelona.
La cuestión se plantea porque dos nacionales de terceros países (no comunitarios) solicitan un permiso de larga duración en España y, a ambos, se les deniega dicho permiso, exclusivamente, por tener antecedentes penales. Uno de los solicitantes había sido condenado por conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol, mientras que el otro solicitante había sido condenado por falsedad en documento público.
En sentencia de fecha 5 de julio de 2018, dictada en recurso de casación 3700/2017, el Tribunal Supremo estableció que, en virtud del Real Decreto 557/2011, de 20 de abril, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de la Ley Orgánica 4/2000, sobre derechos y libertades de los extranjeros en España y su integración social, sí puede denegarse el permiso de residencia por el mero hecho de tener antecedentes penales:
“Con base en los anteriores razonamientos debemos proceder a dar respuesta a la cuestión que presentaba interés casacional objetivo concretada en: <<si conforme al régimen jurídico que resulta de aplicación, la sola existencia de algún antecedente penal determina sin más la denegación de la solicitud de autorización de larga duración o si, por el contrario, procede considerar y ponderar las circunstancias concurrentes en la persona del extranjero concernido, a los efectos de concluir en su caso que no constituye una amenaza suficientemente grave y de otorgar en su consecuencia la indicada autorización>>, declarando que la sola existencia de algún antecedente penal determina sin más la denegación de la solicitud de autorización de larga duración”.
No obstante, el pasado 3 de septiembre, el TJUE dio respuesta a la cuestión prejudicial planteada estableciendo que la interpretación de la normativa española es contraria a la Directiva 2003/109/CE del Consejo, de 25 de noviembre de 2003, señalando que, para aplicar correctamente la misma, se debe establecer en el ordenamiento interno una disposición que regule la denegación del permiso por motivos de orden público o seguridad pública, con el fin de garantizar la seguridad jurídica.
Sin embargo, dicha disposición no puede establecer la denegación automática por el mero hecho de tener antecedentes penales, sino que se deberá examinar la situación del solicitante, en particular, el tipo de delito cometido, el peligro que representa eventualmente para el orden público o la seguridad pública, a la duración de su residencia en el territorio del mismo Estado miembro y a la existencia de vínculos con dicho Estado.
En conclusión, no se puede denegar automáticamente el permiso de residencia de larga duración por la exclusiva razón de tener antecedentes penales, con independencia de la naturaleza de los mismos. Esto es, no se puede denegar dicho permiso por considerar que, el simple hecho de tener antecedentes penales supone per se un peligro de orden público, sino que deberá atenderse a las circunstancias de cada caso, por lo que la denegación de dicho permiso deberá ser motivada.
Photo by ConvertKit on Unsplash
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4 Comments
Quiero solicitar mi residencia k me denegaron por tener antecedentes penales k devo aser aser 4 año
Buenos días Antonio,
puedes escribirnos al info@leonolarte.com contándonos un poco más sobre tu caso, o llamarnos al 954 082 800 para poder comentar tu caso con uno de nuestros abogados que te pueda informar sobre los pasos a dar.
Un cordial saludo,
Me han denegado la residencia comunitaria por tener antecedentes penales ( violencia de genero )
Que puedo hacer para conseguir los papeles ? Yaa que llevo 6 años en españa y me han denegado recurso administrativo tambien
Gracias
Llevo 14 años en España tengo 2 hijos españoles y m deniega la tarjeta comunitaria x antecedentes penales se puede hacer algo para solicitar la residencia de otro modo