Mari Carmen Quintero. Graduada en Derecho en prácticas.
La Ley de Arrendamientos Urbanos señala en su artículo 27.2 lo siguiente: “el arrendador podrá resolver de pleno derecho el contrato por las siguientes causas:
a) La falta de pago de la renta o, en su caso, de cualquiera de las cantidades cuyo pago haya asumido o corresponda al arrendatario”.
Igualmente, el Código Civil, en su artículo 1569, señala que “el arrendador podrá desahuciar judicialmente al arrendatario por alguna de las causas siguientes:
2.ª Falta de pago en el precio convenido”.
Por lo tanto, el arrendador podrá instar un procedimiento judicial en caso de que el arrendatario o inquilino no haga efectivo el pago del alquiler de la vivienda objeto de arrendamiento. Pero, antes que nada, es aconsejable intentar llegar a un acuerdo con el inquilino o reclamarle el pago extrajudicialmente a través del envío de un burofax, carta certificada o requerimiento notarial.
En caso de que transcurrido un tiempo prudencial, por ejemplo un mes, desde la advertencia, y el inquilino hiciere caso omiso, se podrá acudir al procedimiento que resulte necesario para reclamar las rentas impagadas.
El proceso se inicia mediante demanda al Juzgado de Primera Instancia del domicilio del arrendamiento, en la que se tendrán que aportar otros documentos, como el poder notarial para pleitos o apud acta, contrato de arrendamiento, escritura de propiedad, etc. Una vez llegue la demanda al Juzgado, se señalará fecha del juicio y, una vez que el juez emite Sentencia o Decreto, habrá que ejecutar el lanzamiento, en caso de que proceda, donde la Comisión Judicial tendrá que levantar acta de lo ocurrido durante el mismo y sobre el estado de conservación del inmueble.
Es importante evitar incurrir en conductas extraprocesales que suponen violentar los derechos del arrendatario y que, en muchos casos, pueden tener consecuencias penales. Entre dichas conductas reactivas, hemos de señalar las siguientes:
Por lo que llegado el caso de que el inquilino comience a dejar de pagar el alquiler y/o los suministros y no quiera llegar a ningún acuerdo, se podrá interponer una demanda para poder recuperar la posesión de la vivienda y el impago del alquiler.
Este artículo es informativo y no constituye un asesoramiento personalizado para usted.
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