Gerardo Parejo Fernández. Abogado colaborador.
El pasado 5 de enero entró en vigor la Ley 17/2021, de 15 de diciembre, sobre el régimen jurídico de los animales, que establece el régimen jurídico de los animales y reconoce su cualidad de seres vivos dotados de sensibilidad cuando hasta el momento se consideraban como cosas (bienes muebles).
La Ley modifica y añade varios artículos en el Código Civil, la Ley Hipotecaria y la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil.
Introduce el nuevo artículo 333 bis del Código Civil, que establece que los animales son seres vivos dotados de sensibilidad, y que sólo les será aplicable el régimen jurídico de los bienes y de las cosas en la medida en que sea compatible con su naturaleza o con las disposiciones destinadas a su protección.
Aunque continuarán siendo apropiables y objeto de comercio, se establece que la relación de la persona y el animal ha de ser modulada por la cualidad de ser sintiente, de modo que los derechos y facultades sobre los animales han de ser ejercitados atendiendo al bienestar y protección del animal, evitando el maltrato, el abandono y la provocación de una muerte cruel o innecesaria.
Régimen de custodia
Se regula el régimen de convivencia y cuidado de los animales de compañía (mascotas) en caso de divorcio o separación, estableciendo la posibilidad de pactarse un régimen de custodia, estableciendo los criterios que los Juzgados y Tribunales deberán tener en cuenta a la hora de decidir a quién adjudicar el cuidado del animal, priorizando su bienestar.
También se establecen limitaciones a la guarda y custodia en caso de existir antecedentes de malos tratos a animales, violencia de género y maltrato y abuso sexual infantil.
Se regula también el régimen de custodia en caso de fallecimiento del propietario del animal, incorporando disposiciones varias en materia de sucesiones y herencia.
Inembargabilidad
Finalmente, se modifica el artículo 605 de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil, declarando a partir de ahora inembargables los animales de compañía, en atención al especial vínculo de afecto que les liga con la familia con la que conviven.
También se modifica la Ley Hipotecaria, impidiendo la posibilidad de hipotecar animales destinados a la explotación ganadera, industrial o de recreo, así como el pacto de extensión de la hipoteca a los animales de compañía.
Este artículo es informativo y no constituye un asesoramiento personalizado para usted.
Si usted desea resolver una consulta relacionada con esta temática o cualquier otra, puede contactarnos a través de este formulario.
Photo by Victor Grabarczyk on Unsplash
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1 Comment
Si pregunta por los gastos hipotecarios o cláusula suelo y Ud. adquirió la vivienda de forma privativa, corresponden íntegramente a Ud. Si la adquirieron en copropiedad, lo que recuperen es de ambos.