Abogado Colaborador, Gonzalo Perpiñá
En la actualidad, la mayor parte de las compraventas de bienes inmuebles se realiza a través de la solicitud de un préstamo hipotecario del comprador. Sin embargo, la actual subida de precios generalizada unida al gran incremento de los tipos de interés hace que muchas personas no puedan acceder a un préstamo hipotecario, por lo que tienen que buscar otros métodos de financiación. Es en este contexto donde la figura jurídica de la venta a plazos se plantea como una alternativa para la compraventa de bienes inmuebles.
La venta a plazos de bienes inmuebles consiste en la compraventa mediante la que el comprador adquiere la propiedad del bien inmueble al recibirlo, pero paga una parte del precio de manera diferida en el tiempo de forma aplazada.
A la hora de realizar este tipo de compraventa, es imprescindible conocer a la perfección las particularidades de estas operaciones, así como los riesgos que se asumen frente a las compraventas convencionales, pagadas en su totalidad en el momento de la compraventa ya sea con medios propios o financiadas mediante un crédito hipotecario.
El principal riesgo para el vendedor es la posible falta de pago. Al no recibir el dinero en el momento de la compraventa, cabe la posibilidad de que nunca llegue a recibir la totalidad del dinero que el comprador se ha comprometido a abonar de manera aplazada.
El mejor recurso que el vendedor tiene a su disposición para prevenir este riesgo es la inclusión en el contrato de una cláusula de resolución expresa que permita al vendedor la resolución el contrato como consecuencia de la falta de pago total o parcial, reteniendo las cantidades entregadas hasta el momento por el comprador. Es preciso aclarar que la jurisprudencia determina que el juez puede moderar las cantidades que el vendedor puede retener tras la resolución del contrato, a pesar de que el mismo recoja la totalidad de las mismas como penalización.
Otra de las prevenciones que debe tomar el vendedor es incluir una cláusula que determine que la elevación a público del contrato y la inscripción en el Registro de la propiedad tendrán lugar una vez pagada la totalidad del precio. Así, se asegurará de que el comprador no pueda generar posibles cargas sobre el inmueble que tengan prioridad sobre el posible crédito derivado de la falta de pago.
Por su parte, el principal riesgo para el comprador es el aplazamiento de la elevación a público de la compraventa y la inscripción a su nombre hasta el pago total del precio, puesto que, siendo el vendedor el titular registral (aunque ya no sea el propietario) puede generar cargas sobre el inmueble, como embargos, hipotecas, o incluso la venta a un tercero que será considerado de buena fe al comprar confiando en la información del Registro.
Es por ello, que el comprador deberá tratar siempre realizar la compraventa en escritura pública e inscribir el inmueble a su nombre.
Por último, es preciso conocer qué sucede en caso del impago por parte del comprador de alguno de los pagos aplazados. Pues bien, en estos casos, siempre que exista la condición resolutoria expuesta anteriormente, el vendedor estará legitimado a resolver el contrato y recuperar la propiedad de la vivienda, con la penalización para el comprador que recoja el contrato. Esto deberá hacerlo a través de un requerimiento por conducto notarial o vía judicial en el que exprese claramente su voluntad de resolver el contrato. Tras ello, de no tener la colaboración del comprador (lo más habitual), tendrá que iniciar un procedimiento judicial para que se declare en sentencia la resolución de la compraventa y la penalidad para el comprador.
En definitiva, siendo la compraventa a plazos una figura jurídica que puede ser interesante para la compra o venta de un inmueble, es imprescindible conocer sus particularidades previamente y formalizar un contrato de compraventa que proteja sus intereses para no tener sorpresas desagradables más adelante.
Este artículo es informativo y no constituye un asesoramiento personalizado para usted.
Si usted desea resolver una consulta relacionada con esta temática o cualquier otra, puede contactarnos a través de este formulario.
Cookie | Duración | Descripción |
---|---|---|
__stidv | 1 year | This cookie is used by ShareThis. This cookie is used for sharing the content from the website to social networks. |
lang | This cookie is used to store the language preferences of a user to serve up content in that stored language the next time user visit the website. | |
mc_session_ids[default] | 5 minutes | This cookie is set by the provider ReCaptcha. This is used by the Captcha plugin for the website forms. |
mc_session_ids[multi][0] | 5 minutes | This cookie is set by the provider ReCaptcha. This is used by the Captcha plugin for the website forms. |
mc_session_ids[multi][1] | 5 minutes | This cookie is set by the provider ReCaptcha. This is used by the Captcha plugin for the website forms. |
mc_session_ids[multi][2] | 5 minutes | This cookie is set by the provider ReCaptcha. This is used by the Captcha plugin for the website forms. |
mc_session_ids[multi][3] | 5 minutes | This cookie is set by the provider ReCaptcha. This is used by the Captcha plugin for the website forms. |
mc_session_ids[multi][4] | 5 minutes | This cookie is set by the provider ReCaptcha. This is used by the Captcha plugin for the website forms. |
Cookie | Duración | Descripción |
---|---|---|
_gat | 1 minute | This cookies is installed by Google Universal Analytics to throttle the request rate to limit the colllection of data on high traffic sites. |
YSC | session | This cookies is set by Youtube and is used to track the views of embedded videos. |
Cookie | Duración | Descripción |
---|---|---|
__stid | 1 year | The cookie is set by ShareThis. The cookie is used for site analytics to determine the pages visited, the amount of time spent, etc. |
_ga | 2 years | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. The cookie is used to calculate visitor, session, campaign data and keep track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookies store information anonymously and assign a randomly generated number to identify unique visitors. |
_gid | 1 day | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. The cookie is used to store information of how visitors use a website and helps in creating an analytics report of how the wbsite is doing. The data collected including the number visitors, the source where they have come from, and the pages viisted in an anonymous form. |
pxcelPage_c010 | 7 days | The domain of this cookie is owned by Sharethis. This is a analytical cookie used to provide unique identifier to the computer for traffic analysis to ShareThis. It helps in enabling sharing function on the website. |
Cookie | Duración | Descripción |
---|---|---|
_cc_aud | 8 months 26 days | The cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net. The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form about the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded. These data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical location, demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for advertisers for targeted advertising. |
_cc_cc | 8 months 26 days | The cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net. The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form about the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded. These data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical location, demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for advertisers for targeted advertising. |
_cc_dc | 8 months 26 days | The cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net. The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form about the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded. These data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical location, demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for advertisers for targeted advertising. |
_cc_id | 8 months 26 days | The cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net. The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form about the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded. These data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical location, demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for advertisers for targeted advertising. |
EE | 4 months | This cookie is set by exelator.com. The cookies is used to store information about users' visit to the website. The data includes the number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the pages that have been loaded. This information is used to provide the users customized and targeted ads. |
IDE | 1 year 24 days | Used by Google DoubleClick and stores information about how the user uses the website and any other advertisement before visiting the website. This is used to present users with ads that are relevant to them according to the user profile. |
pi | 1 year | This is a targeting cookie, which is used for advertising.This cookie show the relevant adverts based on the visitors profile created by the cookie. |
pxrc | 2 months | The purpose of the cookie is to identify a visitor to serve relevant advertisement. |
rlas3 | 1 year | The cookie is set by rlcdn.com. The cookie is used to serve relevant ads to the visitor as well as limit the time the visitor sees an and also measure the effectiveness of the campaign. |
test_cookie | 15 minutes | This cookie is set by doubleclick.net. The purpose of the cookie is to determine if the user's browser supports cookies. |
ud | 4 months | This cookie is set by exelator.com. The cookies is used to store information about users' visit to the website. The data includes the number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the pages that have been loaded. This information is used to provide the users customized and targeted ads. |
uuid2 | 3 months | This cookies is set by AppNexus. The cookies stores information that helps in distinguishing between devices and browsers. This information us used to select advertisements served by the platform and assess the performance of the advertisement and attribute payment for those advertisements. |
VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE | 5 months 27 days | This cookie is set by Youtube. Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a website. |
Cookie | Duración | Descripción |
---|---|---|
collect_chat_launcher_load | 1 month | No description |
collect_chat_page_load | 1 month | No description |
CONSENT | 16 years 10 months 10 days 13 hours 14 minutes | No description |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional | 1 year | The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-others | 1 year | No description |
fpestid | 1 year | No description |
st_samesite | session | No description |
zc | No description |