Abogado Colaborador, Gonzalo Perpiñá
El cambio climático ha impulsado una transformación significativa en el ámbito del derecho de la construcción en España, especialmente en lo que respecta a la eficiencia energética de las viviendas. La normativa actual establece requisitos más estrictos para la venta y alquiler de inmuebles con el objetivo de reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y promover edificaciones más sostenibles. Desde este despacho especialista en derecho de la construcción y defectos constructivos, explicamos en qué consisten estas modificaciones y cómo afectará a los propietarios.
Limitaciones en la venta y alquiler de viviendas según su certificado energético
El cambio es de gran relevancia y va a afectar tanto a las viviendas de obra nueva como a las ya construidas. La legislación española, en consonancia con las directrices europeas, ha implementado medidas para limitar la venta y alquiler de viviendas que no cumplan con ciertos estándares de eficiencia energética. Según la Directiva Europea sobre Eficiencia Energética, a partir del 1 de enero de 2030, todas las viviendas que se deseen vender o alquilar deberán contar con una calificación energética mínima de «E». Esta exigencia se endurecerá para 2033, cuando se requerirá una calificación mínima de «D».
Para cumplir con estas normativas, los propietarios de viviendas con calificaciones inferiores deberán realizar mejoras en la eficiencia energética de sus inmuebles antes de proceder a su venta o alquiler.
Cómo afectará a los propietarios de viviendas de obra nueva y existentes
Para los propietarios de obra nueva, es fundamental verificar en los plazos de garantía el correcto aislamiento del edificio, así como el funcionamiento de los sistemas de calefacción, refrigeración, ventilación y agua caliente sanitaria (ACS), entre otros. Si la vivienda no cumple con los estándares de eficiencia energética que se les prometió en el momento de la compra, es posible que, una vez caducado el certificado energético, al renovarlo este refleje una calificación inferior, lo que puede impedir su venta o alquiler sin realizar costosas mejoras.
En cuanto a las viviendas ya construidas, el cumplimiento de estas nuevas normativas supondrá un gran desembolso económico para los propietarios. Las mejoras necesarias para alcanzar la calificación mínima exigida pueden incluir la instalación de nuevos sistemas de aislamiento, la modernización de calefacción y refrigeración, la mejora del sistema de ACS o la incorporación de fuentes de energía renovable. Si no se cumplen los requisitos establecidos en la normativa, se impedirá la venta o alquiler del inmueble, lo que obligará a los propietarios a asumir importantes costes para adecuar sus viviendas a las exigencias legales.
Dado el impacto de estas regulaciones, contar con asesoramiento jurídico especializado es fundamental para detectar posibles incumplimientos dentro de los plazos de garantía y defender los derechos de los propietarios. Un abogado con experiencia en derecho de la construcción puede ayudarle a verificar si la vivienda adquirida cumple con los estándares exigidos, y a reclamar su cumplimiento en caso contrario.
Este artículo es informativo y no constituye un asesoramiento personalizado para usted. Si usted desea resolver una consulta personalizada relacionada con esta temática u otra, puede contactarnos a través de este formulario o enviado un email a info@leonolarte.com.
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