Gonzalo Perpiñá, Abogado colaborador
Las tarjetas revolving, como ya explicamos en un post anterior, son un tipo de tarjetas de crédito al consumo cuya forma de pago puede ser total o aplazada y a la que se le aplica un alto tipo de interés.
En los últimos años, ha existido una avalancha de demandas cuyo objeto era la reclamación del dinero pagado y solicitar la nulidad del contrato. En este sentido, el Tribunal Supremo ha emitido varios pronunciamientos al respecto. En un principio, consideraba usurario (abusivo) aquel interés que superase el doble del interés medio ordinario en las operaciones de crédito al consumo de la época en la que se concertó el contrato. Posteriormente, en el año 2020, aclaró que cuanto más alto fuese el interés normal del dinero del momento, menor sería el margen para incrementar el precio de la operación sin incurrir en usura, protegiendo así tipos de intereses desproporcionados que podrían llegar a un 50%.
Pues bien, el pasado martes 15 de febrero, el Tribunal Supremo dictó una sentencia en la que establece que para determinar si el tipo de interés pactado es notablemente superior al normal, habrá que comparar el TAE (tipo de interés anual equivalente) con el interés medio aplicable en el momento de suscripción del contrato.
Más concretamente, fija el carácter usurario de los intereses pactados para la tarjeta revolvingsiempre que la diferencia entre el tipo de medio de mercado y el pactado supera los 6 puntos porcentuales.
Siguiendo la argumentación del Alto Tribunal, habría que atender en primer lugar al tipo de interés medio al tiempo de la contratación, que, por ejemplo, en el caso analizado en la mencionada sentencia era levemente inferior al 20%. En este sentido, habría sido legal cualquier tipo de interés pactado en ese momento que fuese inferior el 26%. De este modo, esta sentencia declara ajustado a derecho un TAE del 23,9%.
En conclusión, si bien es positivo que el Tribunal Supremo finalmente haya fijado un límite a partir del En conclusión, si bien es positivo que el Tribunal Supremo finalmente haya fijado un límite a partir del cual considerar usurarios los tipos de interés pactados para las tarjetas revolving, consideramos que este margen es demasiado amplio, teniendo en cuenta los tipos de interés elevados que normalmente se fijan para estos productos. Sin embargo, tenemos que tener en cuenta que no se cierran las puertas a reclamar por la aplicación de estos tipos de interés, sino que simplemente se aclara un poco más el camino a la hora de enfrentarse a estas reclamaciones.
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Este artículo es informativo y no constituye un asesoramiento personalizado para usted. Si usted desea resolver una consulta relacionada con esta temática o cualquier otra, puede contactarnos a través de este formulario
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